Ethernet is a widely used and standardized networking technology that defines the rules for connecting computers and other devices in a local area network (LAN). It operates on the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and uses a protocol called CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) for controlling access to the shared communication medium, typically a coaxial or twisted-pair cable. Ethernet has evolved over the years, with advancements like twisted-pair cables, switches, and faster data rates, becoming the dominant technology for LANs. It provides a reliable and cost-effective solution for connecting devices within a confined geographical area, enabling efficient data transfer and communication in various settings, from homes and offices to data centers.